OUTPUT
1. LED
Tinkercad(we can use autodesk account to signin)
We can use Tinkercad to draw the circuit,coding,even simulation.
int LED1=12;
int LED2=13;
void setup()
{
pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(LED1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(LED2,LOW);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(LED1,LOW);
delay(1000);
}
2. LCD displays
/*
LiquidCrystal Library - Hello World
Demonstrates the use a 16x2 LCD display. The LiquidCrystal
library works with all LCD displays that are compatible with the
Hitachi HD44780 driver. There are many of them out there, and you
can usually tell them by the 16-pin interface.
This sketch prints "Hello World!" to the LCD
and shows the time.
The circuit:
* LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
* LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
* LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
* LCD D5 pin to digital pin 4
* LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
* LCD D7 pin to digital pin 2
* LCD R/W pin to ground
* LCD VSS pin to ground
* LCD VCC pin to 5V
* 10K resistor:
* ends to +5V and ground
* wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
Library originally added 18 Apr 2008
by David A. Mellis
library modified 5 Jul 2009
by Limor Fried (http://www.ladyada.net)
example added 9 Jul 2009
by Tom Igoe
modified 22 Nov 2010
by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystal
*/
// include the library code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
void setup() {
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(16, 2);
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.print("hello, world!");
}
void loop() {
// set the cursor to column 0, line 1
// (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
// print the number of seconds since reset:
lcd.print(millis() / 1000);
}
Reference from arduino cc
3. 8x8 LED Matrix
Connect this 8*8 LED matrix with Arduino UNO
We use 18pin 8*8 LED Matrix in office example,all of the LED would light.
The following show another method
int C[] = {2,7,A5,5,13,A4,12,A2};
int R[] = {6,11,10,3,9,8,4,A3};
unsigned char biglove[8][8] = // image1
{
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,
0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,
0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,
};
unsigned char smalllove[8][8] = //image2
{
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,
0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,
0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,
0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,
0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
};
void setup()
{
//define pinmode
for(int i = 0;i<8;i++)
{
pinMode(R[i],OUTPUT);
pinMode(C[i],OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop()
{
for(int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++) //loop 100 times
{
Display(biglove); //display image1
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < 50 ; i++) //loop50 times
{
Display(smalllove); //display image2
}
}
void Display(unsigned char dat[8][8]) //show function
{
for(int c = 0; c<8;c++)
{
digitalWrite(C[c],LOW);
for(int r = 0;r<8;r++)
{
digitalWrite(R[r],dat[r][c]);
}
delay(1);
Clear(); //clear
}
}
void Clear() //clear
{
for(int i = 0;i<8;i++)
{
digitalWrite(R[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(C[i],HIGH);
}
}
4. Segment display
Remind:Example1 and example2 use same connection
Example1:4numbers
int ledCount=8;
int segCount=4;
long previousMillis = 0;
const unsigned char dofly_DuanMa[10] = {0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};
int ledPins[] = {
12,8,5, 3, 2, 11, 6, 4, };
int segPins[]={13,10,9,7};
unsigned char displayTemp[4];
void setup() {
for (int thisLed = 0; thisLed < ledCount; thisLed++) {
pinMode(ledPins[thisLed], OUTPUT); }
for (int thisSeg = 0; thisSeg < segCount; thisSeg++) {
pinMode(segPins[thisSeg], OUTPUT);
}
}
void deal(unsigned char value){
for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
digitalWrite(ledPins[i],bitRead(value,i));
// !bitRead(value,i)
}
void loop() {
static unsigned int num;
static unsigned long lastTime=0;
if (millis() - lastTime >= 1000){
lastTime = millis();
//serialOutput();
num++;
}
displayTemp[0]=dofly_DuanMa[1];
displayTemp[1]=dofly_DuanMa[2];
displayTemp[2]=dofly_DuanMa[6];
displayTemp[3]=dofly_DuanMa[4];
static int i;
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
if(currentMillis - previousMillis > 0) {
previousMillis = currentMillis;
deal(0);
for(int a=0;a<4;a++)
digitalWrite(segPins[a],1);
digitalWrite(segPins[i],0);
deal(displayTemp[i]);
i++;
if(i==4)
i=0;
}
}
Example2:timer
int ledCount=8;
int segCount=4;
long previousMillis = 0;
const unsigned char dofly_DuanMa[10] = {0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};
int ledPins[] = {12,8,5, 3, 2, 11, 6, 4, };
int segPins[] = {13,10,9,7};
unsigned char displayTemp[4];
void setup() {
for (int thisLed = 0; thisLed < ledCount; thisLed++) {
pinMode(ledPins[thisLed], OUTPUT); }
for (int thisSeg = 0; thisSeg < segCount; thisSeg++) {
pinMode(segPins[thisSeg], OUTPUT);
}
}
void deal(unsigned char value){
for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
digitalWrite(ledPins[i],bitRead(value,i));
}
void loop() {
static unsigned int num;
static unsigned long lastTime=0;
if (millis() - lastTime >= 1000){
lastTime = millis();
//serialOutput();
num++;
}
displayTemp[0]=dofly_DuanMa[num/1000];
displayTemp[1]=dofly_DuanMa[(num%1000)/100];
displayTemp[2]=dofly_DuanMa[((num%1000)%100)/10];
displayTemp[3]=dofly_DuanMa[((num%1000)%100)%10];
static int i;
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
if(currentMillis - previousMillis > 0) {
previousMillis = currentMillis;
deal(0);
for(int a=0;a<4;a++)
digitalWrite(segPins[a],1);
digitalWrite(segPins[i],0);//
deal(displayTemp[i]);
i++;
if(i==4)
i=0;
}
}
Example3:Nixie tube
int pin_a = 7;
int pin_b = 6;
int pin_c = 5;
int pin_d = 10;
int pin_e = 11;
int pin_f = 8;
int pin_g = 9;
int pin_p = 4;
int numTable[10][8] = {
//a b c d e f g dp
{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0}, //0
{0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, //1
{1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0}, //2
{1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, //3
{0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0}, //4
{1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0}, //5
{1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, //6
{1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, //7
{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, //8
{1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0}, //9
};
void setup()
{
for (int i = 4; i <= 11; i++)
{
pinMode(i, OUTPUT);
}
}
void loop()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
digitalWrite(pin_a, numTable[i][0]);
digitalWrite(pin_b, numTable[i][1]);
digitalWrite(pin_c, numTable[i][2]);
digitalWrite(pin_d, numTable[i][3]);
digitalWrite(pin_e, numTable[i][4]);
digitalWrite(pin_f, numTable[i][5]);
digitalWrite(pin_g, numTable[i][6]);
digitalWrite(pin_p, numTable[i][7]);
delay(200);
}
}
5. Serve motor
#include <Servo.h>
#define PIN_SERVO 10
Servo myservo;
void setup()
{
myservo.attach(PIN_SERVO);
}
void loop()
{
myservo.write(0);
delay(1000);
myservo.write(40);
delay(1000);
myservo.write(80);
delay(1000);
myservo.write(40);
delay(1000);
myservo.write(0);
delay(1000);
}
Stepper motor
More stepper motor information reference Arduino.cc
We can learn ULN 2003AN information in the following web:Ti,OCTOPART,
Speaker
Example1
void setup() {
}
void loop() {
// turn off tone function for pin 8:
noTone(8);
// play a note on pin 6 for 200 ms:
tone(6, 440, 200);
delay(200);
// turn off tone function for pin 6:
noTone(6);
// play a note on pin 7 for 500 ms:
tone(7, 494, 500);
delay(500);
// turn off tone function for pin 7:
noTone(7);
// play a note on pin 8 for 300 ms:
tone(8, 523, 300);
delay(300);
}
Reference from Arduino.cc
Example2: music we need "buzzer.ino" as main programming and "music_note.c" as attachment.
buzzer.ino
#include "music_note.c" //phonetic signs
int buzzer=3;
int scale[]={G,A,EE,A,G,A,G,A,EE,A,G,
A,EE,A,G,A,E,
G,D,E,G,A,B,
A,EE,A,G,A,G,
A,EE,B,CC,B,CC,B,A,E,
D,E,G,A,B,A,EE,A,G,A,
G,A,EE,A,G,A,EE,A,G,A,
E,G,D,E,G,A,B,A,EE,A,G,A,
G,A,EE,B,CC,B,CC,DD,EE,AA}; //melody
float duration[]={2,1,1,1,1,7,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,3,1,
3,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,7,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,6,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,7,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,3,
1,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,7,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,4}; //时间
int len=0;
void setup() {
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT);
len=sizeof(scale)/sizeof(scale[0]);
}
void loop() {
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
tone(buzzer,scale[i]);
delay(250*duration[i]);
noTone(buzzer);
delay(100);
}
delay(1000);
}
music_note.c
/**
**
*/
//音符唱名记法
#define Do 262
#define Re 294
#define Mi 330
#define Fa 350
#define Sol 393
#define La 441
#define Si 495
#define Doo 882
//音名记法
#define C 262
#define D 294
#define E 330
#define F 350
#define G 393
#define A 441
#define B 495
#define CC 525
#define DD 589
#define EE 661
#define AA 882
/**
** 音符表，记录乐谱用到的音的频率
*/
//音符唱名记法
#define Do 262
#define Re 294
#define Mi 330
#define Fa 350
#define Sol 393
#define La 441
#define Si 495
#define Doo 882
//音名记法
#define C 262
#define D 294
#define E 330
#define F 350
#define G 393
#define A 441
#define B 495
#define CC 525
#define DD 589
#define EE 661
#define AA 882
#define O -1 //no sound
Relay
[A relay is an electromagnetic switch that uses a small current to drive a larger circuitry. Basically, a signal is applied at the input which switches on another circuit connected at the output, without the need of human supervision.
Relays work on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which implies that if current passes through a coil that is wound around a piece of metal, then a magnetic field will be produced by the current, turning the metal core into an electromagnet.](https://solectroshop.com/en/blog/a-beginners-guide-to-using-relay-modules-in-arduino-projects-n28)
Remind:safety is most important, you just can practice in the supervise
We will consider the example of a very simple project – switching on an AC bulb using a relay. For this, you will need a relay module, an Arduino (we are using an UNO board here), an AC bulb and a power cord with a 2-pin plug. First, take the power cord and separate the live and neutral wires present inside it. Connect the live (red) wire with the bulb and connect the neutral (black or blue) wire to the normally open (NO) connector on the relay module. Then, connect the second wire of the bulb to the COM connector on the relay module. This is how you connect a relay with an AC bulb for switching purposes.
Now, we need to supply power to the relay module and supply it with a signal from the Arduino that tells the relay to switch the bulb on and off. For this, you need to connect the pin with a minus (-) sign on the relay module to the ground (GND) on Arduino and the positive (+) pin of the relay module to the 5V supply on your Arduino board. The third pin left on the relay module is the command pin, which must be connected to an I/O pin on Arduino. We are considering pin 7 for this purpose. You can choose any digital I/O pin that you like, but make sure to program your Arduino accordingly.
After connecting the hardware as described, you need to write a simple code that establishes pin 7 as an output pin and sends a signal to switch the bulb on and off via the relay module. Here is how you can write the code for the circuit shown in the picture above.
void setup() {
// initialize the digital pin as an output.
pinMode(7, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(7, HIGH); // turn the BULB on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(7, LOW); // turn the BULB off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}